The main reason your body makes more gas during pregnancy is because you have much more progesterone, a hormone that relaxes muscles throughout your body, including your digestive tract.
These relaxed muscles slow down digestion, which can lead to gas, bloating, burping, and flatulence, and generally create uncomfortable sensations in your gut, especially after a big meal. People normally pass gas a dozen or so times a day. But when you're pregnant, you may belch or pass gas much more often, or have to unbutton your pants to relieve bloating, even weeks before you begin to show. Later in pregnancy, your growing uterus crowds your abdominal cavity, further slowing digestion, and pushes on your stomach, making you feel even more bloated after eating.
This is why you may also have heartburn or constipation during pregnancy, even if you've never been bothered by these conditions before. Gas gets caught in the digestive tract in two ways: when you swallow air and when bacteria in your large intestine colon break down undigested food.
Most stomach gas results from swallowing air and is typically released by burping, though a small amount continues down to the large intestine and is released when you fart. Most of the gas that causes flatulence is produced when bacteria in the large intestine break down food that was incompletely digested by enzymes in the stomach and small intestine.
Certain carbohydrates are the main culprits of flatulence. Protein and fats produce little gas directly, although fats can contribute to a sense of bloating and gassiness because they slow down digestion.
Some people get a lot of gas from foods that don't bother others at all. For example, people with lactose intolerance get bloated and gassy after having dairy products like milk or ice cream.
That's because they don't make enough lactase — the enzyme that breaks down the sugar lactose in dairy products. The balance of bacteria in the colon, which varies from person to person, may also affect how much gas you make. Cutting back on the foods that are most likely to cause gas is usually the most effective way to reduce it. But eliminating everything that might cause gas would make it hard to eat a balanced diet.
Start by cutting out foods most likely to cause gas and bloating. If that gives you relief, begin adding those foods back into your diet one by one to try to pinpoint what's causing the problem.
Keeping a food diary can help you figure out if certain foods seem to cause more gas than others. Learn more methods for reducing bloating here. Learn more about constipation during pregnancy here. Bloating during pregnancy can be expected and is usually harmless. However, in rare cases, it can point to another health issue that needs to be addressed.
Many women experience bloating during pregnancy, and hormonal changes, constipation, or both may be the cause. Dietary and lifestyle adjustments can help prevent bloating, and a healthcare provider can offer additional suggestions.
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