This makes it hard to know exactly when you became infected. Lasting HPV infection can cause genital warts or certain kinds of cancer. It is not known why some people develop health problems from HPV and others do not.
Most men who get HPV never develop symptoms and the infection usually goes away completely by itself. However, if HPV does not go away, it can cause genital warts or certain kinds of cancer. See your healthcare provider if you have questions about anything new or unusual such as warts, or unusual growths, lumps, or sores on your penis, scrotum, anus, mouth, or throat.
Genital warts usually appear as a small bump or group of bumps in the genital area around the penis or the anus. These warts might be small or large, raised or flat, or shaped like a cauliflower. The warts may go away, or stay the same, or grow in size or number. Usually, a healthcare provider can diagnose genital warts simply by looking at them. Genital warts can come back, even after treatment.
The types of HPV that cause warts do not cause cancer. These include cervical cancer in women, penile cancer in men, and anal cancer in both women and men. HPV can also cause cancer in the back of the throat, including the base of the tongue and tonsils called oropharyngeal cancer.
All of these cancers are caused by HPV infections that did not go away. Cancer develops very slowly and may not be diagnosed until years, or even decades, after a person first gets infected with HPV. Currently, there is no way to know who will have only a temporary HPV infection, and who will develop cancer after getting HPV. However, some healthcare providers do offer anal Pap tests to men who may be at increased risk for anal cancer, including men with HIV or men who receive anal sex.
For many, the infection will go away on its own. In rare cases, HPV is a potentially serious risk factor for certain kinds of cancer. There are more than types of HPV.
Approximately 40 types are sexually transmitted. Low-risk HPVs can cause warts. They generally produce little to no other symptoms. They tend to resolve on their own without any long-term effects. High-risk HPVs are more aggressive forms of the virus that may require medical treatment. Sometimes, they can also cause cell changes that may lead to cancer. Warts may also occur on the back of your throat. If you notice any abnormal skin changes in these areas, see a doctor immediately for further evaluation.
Both men and women can contract HPV from having vaginal, anal, or oral sex with someone who has an infection. Three male subpopulations are at an increased risk for developing HPV-related health problems. These include:. Data from to indicates that there are approximately 41, HPV-related cancers in the United States each year.
Of these, almost 24, occurred in women and about 17, occurred in men. Cervical cancer is the most common HPV-related cancer in women. Throat cancer is the most common HPV-related cancer in men. Due to the high correlation between cervical cancer and HPV , much effort has gone into creating tools to diagnose HPV in women.
In fact, the highest rate of HPV infection seen in the study was among those ages 58 to 59 the oldest age group in the study. This higher rate of HPV infection in older men contrasts with what's been seen in women: The HPV infection rate is lower in older in woman than in younger ones.
The "consistent, high infection rate among all age groups in men was very striking, because this was not expected," said Dr.
HPV-associated cancers in men are increasing, she noted. There is a very effective "vaccine that could eradicate HPV-associated cancers in both women and men, but the prevalence remains high despite the availability" of these vaccines, she said.
The current vaccination age cutoff for men, 26, should be re-evaluated in light of the new findings showing a widespread high HPV prevalence rate among all age groups, Han said. Human papillomaviruses are a group of more than related viruses that infect different parts of the body. HPVs that infect the genital area can spread as sexually transmitted infections.
Most infections go away on their own, but some can linger and lead to health problems, including genital warts and cancer, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. In the past, efforts to prevent HPV infection focused mainly on women, because HPV infections can lead to cervical cancer.
But in , health officials approved the HPV vaccine for males, and the vaccine is now recommended for both females and males ages 11 to 26 years old. However, few studies have looked at the prevalence of genital HPV infection in men, or how many men receive the HPV vaccine.
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